Our Natural Tissue
Breast Reconstruction Procedures

Welcome to Dr. Levine’s pioneering approach to natural tissue reconstruction, offering true muscle-sparing procedures without the need for implants.

Dr. Joshua L. Levine is a world-renowned, pioneer microsurgeon specializing solely in natural tissue breast reconstruction.

Dr. Joshua Levine Breast Reconstruction Surgeon Welcome Text

Meet Your Surgeon,
Joshua L. Levine, MD, FACS

Our Procedures

DIEP / SIEA

Diep/Superior Inferior Epigastric Perforator Free Flap

|| ABDOMEN ||

DIEP/SIEA

The abdomen is the most common donor site in perforator flap breast reconstruction. Extra skin and fat is removed to reconstruct one or both breasts resulting in a flattened abdomen similar to that of a tummy tuck.

“STACKED” DIEP

Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Free Flaps

|| ABDOMEN ||

STACKED DIEP - ABDOMEN

In a “stacked” DIEP, both halves of the abdomen are stacked together to reconstruct one breast when added volume is needed.

SHaEP

Stacked Hemiabdominal Extended Perforator Flaps

|| ABDOMEN ||

SHaEP

By extending the DIEP, more tissue can be used from the hip in combination with abdominal tissue to get the volume needed to reconstruct both breasts.

PAP

Profunda Artery Perforator Free Flap

|| THIGH ||

PAP

The PAP flap uses available tissue from the back of the thigh at the buttock crease (“banana roll”.) This is a great option for those who are thin or have low body fat.

“STACKED” COMBINATION FLAPS

| ABDOMEN & THIGH |

“STACKED” COMBINATION FLAPS

Perforator flaps from different donor sites can be combined/stacked to obtain adequate volume in breast reconstruction. One example is a “stacked” DIEP and PAP combination.

IGAP

Inferior Gluteal Artery Perforator Free Flap

|| UPPER BUTTOCK ||

IGAP

The IGAP, or “In-the-crease” IGAP, uses available tissue from the lower buttock just above the buttock crease. This option is great for those who are thin or have low body fat.

SGAP

Superior Gluteal Artery Perforator Free Flap

|| UPPER BUTTOCK||

SGAP

The SGAP flap uses available tissue from the upper buttock.

TDAP & ICAP

Thoracodorsal Artery & Intercostal Artery Island Perforator Flaps

|| LATERAL ||

TDAP & ICAP

These flaps use available tissue from the chest wall underneath the arm and are particularly useful for partial breast reconstruction.

NSM

Nipple-sparing Mastectomy

|| BREAST ||

NSM

Some women are candidates for nipple preservation mastectomy. This dramatically enhances the overall cosmetic outcome.

BEFORE & AFTER GALLERY

Breast Reconstruction Photos

|| ALL ||

BEFORE & AFTER GALLERY